Can finding a polyp save your life? In some cases, it just might.

Polyps are abnormal growths that grow in the lining of the colon. Although most polyps are benign, or harmless, some types increase the risk for colorectal cancer. This is especially true if they are large or there are many of them.

According to Dr. Luis Concepcion, oncologist at Western Baptist Hospital, you can reduce your risk for polyps by eating a low-fat diet. Some experts also recommend a diet high in fiber and fruits and vegetables.

Why Screen?
“Unfortunately, most polyps do not produce symptoms. When they do, they can cause bleeding, mucous discharge, or diarrhea or constipation that lasts more than a few days. Rarely, abdominal pain will occur, as well,” says Dr. Concepcion.

But since symptoms are not common, and the benefits of early detection are so great, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Cancer Society, and the Centers for Disease Control all recommend that adults get screened for polyps beginning at age 50.

Your doctor will suggest a screening schedule that’s right for your specific level of risk. If you have a family history of polyps, your doctor may want to screen earlier than age 50.

Since there is no certain way to know if polyps are cancerous, doctors often remove them. After removal, polyps are examined for areas that have changed into cancer. If cancer is diagnosed, your doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Will They Come Back?
Once removed, the same polyp is unlikely to recur. However, polyps can be a warning for more polyps and colorectal cancer. “Pay attention to this warning with follow-up screenings,” says Dr. Concepcion.